View source for KS0498 Keyestudio MEGA 2560 R3 Development Board(Compatible Arduino)

<br>[[Image:0498.png|300px|frameless|right|]]<br>


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== Description ==
 
Keyestudio Mega 2560 R3 is a microcontroller board based on the ATMEGA2560-16AU , fully compatible with ARDUINO MEGA 2560 REV3.
It has 54 digital input/output pins (of which 15 can be used as PWM outputs), 16 analog inputs, 4 UARTs (hardware serial ports), a 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, 1 ICSP header, and a reset button. 
The built-in ICSP port can burn the firmware for ATMEGA2560-16AU directly. This chip is burnt the firmware well before leaving the factory, therefore, we hardly use it. We can power on by USB wire, DC head and Vin GND pins.
To facilitate wiring, a 0.5 m USB wire is provided for you.<br>

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== Specification ==

* Microcontroller: ATMEGA2560-16AU
* USB serial chip：CP2102
* Operating Voltage:	5V
* Input Voltage (recommended):DC 7-12V
* Digital I/O Pins: 54 (D0-D53)
* PWM Digital I/O Pins：15(D2-D13 D44-D46)
* Analog Input Pins:	16(A0-A15)
* DC Current per I/O Pin: 20 mA
* DC Current for 3.3V Pin: 50 mA
* Flash Memory: 256 KB of which 8 KB used by bootloader
* SRAM: 8 KB
* EEPROM: 4 KB
* Clock Speed: 16 MHz
* LED_BUILTIN:D13

== Element and Pin Interfaces: ==

Here is an explanation of what every element and interface of the board does:
<br>[[Image:KS0498标注图 画板 1.jpg|500px|frameless]]<br>

{| width="80%" cellspacing="0" border="1"
|-
| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-1.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''Digital I/O'''
Arduino MEGA has 54 digital input/output pins (of which 15 can be used as PWM outputs). These pins can be configured as digital input pin to read the logic value (0 or 1). Or used as digital output pin to drive different modules like LED, relay, etc. <br>
Using [https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/language/functions/digital-io/pinmode/ pinMode()], [https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/language/functions/digital-io/digitalwrite/ digitalWrite()], and [https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/language/functions/digital-io/digitalread/ digitalRead()] functions.<br>
|-

| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-2.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''GND'''
Ground pins
|-

| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-3.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''AREF '''
Reference voltage (0-5V) for analog inputs. Used with [https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/language/functions/analog-io/analogreference/ analogReference()].
Configures the reference voltage used for analog input (i.e. the value used as the top of the input range).  
|-

| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-4.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''SDA'''
IIC communication pin
|-

| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-5.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''SCL'''
IIC communication pin
|-
                                                                                     
| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-6.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''RESET Button'''
You can reset your Arduino board
|-

| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-7.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''USB Connection'''
Arduino board can be powered via USB connector. <br>
All you needed to do is connecting the USB port to PC using a USB cable.
|-

| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-8.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''D13 LED'''
There is a built-in LED driven by digital pin 13. When the pin is HIGH value, the LED is on, when the pin is LOW, it's off.
|-

| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-9.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''CP2102'''
USB to serial chip, can convert the USB signal into serial port signal.
|-

| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-10.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''TX LED'''
Onboard you can find the label: TX (transmit)<br>
When Arduino board communicates via serial port, send the message, TX led flashes. 
|-

| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-11.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''RX LED'''
Onboard you can find the label: RX(receive )<br>
When Arduino board communicates via serial port, receive the message, RX led flashes.
|-

| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-12.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''Crystal Oscillator'''
How does Arduino calculate time? by using a crystal oscillator.<br>
The number printed on the top of the Arduino crystal is 16.000H9H. It tells us that the frequency is 16,000,000 Hertz or 16MHz.
|-

| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-13.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''Voltage Regulator'''
To control the voltage provided to the Arduino board, as well as to stabilize the DC voltage used by the processor and other components.<br>
Convert an external input DC7-12V voltage into DC 5V, then switch DC 5V  to the processor and other components.

|-
| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-14.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''DC Power Jack'''
Arduino board can be supplied with an external power DC7-12V from the DC power jack.
|-

| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-15.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''IOREF'''
This pin on the board provides the voltage reference with which the microcontroller operates. A properly configured shield can read the IOREF pin voltage and select the appropriate power source or enable voltage translators on the outputs for working with the 5V or 3.3V. 

|-
| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-17.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''Power Pin 3V3'''
A 3.3 volt supply generated by the on-board regulator. Maximum current draw is 50 mA. 
|-

| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-16.png|500px|frameless]] 
| align="light" | '''RESET Header'''
Connect an external button to reset the board. The function is the same as reset button.

|-
| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-18.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''Power Pin 5V'''
Provides 5V output voltage

|-
| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-19.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''Vin '''
You can supply an external power input DC7-12V through this pin to Arduino board. 

|-
| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-20.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''Analog Pins'''
Onboard has 16 analog inputs, labeled A0 to A15.
|-

| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-21.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) Header'''
the AVR, an Arduino micro-program header consisting of MOSI, MISO, SCK, RESET, VCC, and GND. <br>
It is often called the SPI (serial peripheral interface) and can be considered an "extension" of the output. In fact, slave the output devices to the SPI bus host.<br>
When connecting to PC, program the firmware to ATMEGA2560-16AU.

|-
| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-22.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''Microcontroller '''
Each Arduino board has its own microcontroller. You can regard it as the brain of your board.<br>
The main IC (integrated circuit) on the Arduino is slightly different from the panel pair. Microcontrollers are usually from ATMEL. Before you load a new program on the Arduino IDE, you must know what IC is on your board. This information can be checked at the top of IC.

|-
| align="center" | [[Image:KS0001 5-23.png|500px|frameless]]
| align="light" | '''Power LED Indicator'''
Powering the Arduino, LED on means that your circuit board is correctly powered on. If LED is off, connection is wrong.
|-

|}

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== Specialized Functions of Some Pins: ==

1. Serial Communication: D0 (RX0) and D1 (TX1); Serial 1: D19 (RX1) and D18 (TX1); Serial 2: D17 (RX2) and D16 (TX2); Serial 3: D15 (RX3) and D14 (TX3). Used to receive (RX) and transmit (TX) TTL serial data. Pins 0 and 1 are also connected to the corresponding pins of the ATmega16U2 USB-to-TTL Serial chip.

2. PWM Pins (Pulse-Width Modulation): D2 to D13, and D44 to D46.
Provide 8-bit PWM output with the analogWrite() function.

3. External Interrupts: D2 (interrupt 0), D3 (interrupt 1), D18 (interrupt 5), D19 (interrupt 4), D20 (interrupt 3), and D21 (interrupt 2). 
These pins can be configured to trigger an interrupt on a low level, a rising or falling edge, or a change in level. See the attachInterrupt() function for details.

4. SPI communication: D53 (SS), D52 (SCK), D51 (MOSI), D50 (MISO). 
These pins support SPI communication using theSPI library. The SPI pins are also broken out on the ICSP header, which is physically compatible with the Arduino Uno. 

5. IIC communication: D20 (SDA); D21 (SCL). Support TWI communication using the Wire library. 

== Install Arduino IDE and Driver ==

=== Installing Arduino IDE ===

When we get control board, we need to download Arduino IDE and driver firstly.
You could download Arduino IDE from the official website:
https://www.arduino.cc/, click the SOFTWARE on the browse bar, click “DOWNLOADS” to enter download page, as shown below:

<br>[[File:0085=04.png|500px|frameless|thumb]]<br>

There are various versions for Arduino, just download a suitable version for your system, we will take WINDOWS system as an example to show you how to download and install.

<br>[[File:04862png.png|500px|frameless|thumb]]<br>

There are two versions of IDE for WINDOWS system, you can choose between the Installer (.exe) and the Zip packages. We suggest you use the first one that installs directly everything you need to use the Arduino Software (IDE), including the drivers. With the Zip package you need to install the drivers manually. The Zip file is also useful if you want to create a portable installation.

<br>[[File:04863png.png|500px|frameless|thumb]]<br>

You just need to click JUST DOWNLOAD, then click the downloaded file to install it. And when the ZIP file is downloaded, you can directly unzip and start it.

=== Installing driver ===

Let’s install the driver of keyestudio PLUS control board. The USB-TTL chip on PLUS board adopts CP2102 serial chip. The driver program of this chip is included in Arduino 1.8 version and above, which is convenient. Plug on USB port of board, the computer can recognize the hardware and automatically install the driver of CP2102.

If install unsuccessfully, or you intend to install manually, open the device manager of computer. Right click Computer----- Properties----- Device Manager.

<br>[[File:0085=07.png|500px|frameless|thumb]]<br>

There is a yellow exclamation mark on the page, which implies installing the driver of CP2102 unsuccessfully. Then we double click the hardware and update the driver. 

<br>[[File:0085=08.png|500px|frameless|thumb]]<br>

Click “OK” to enter the following page, click “browse my computer for updated driver software”, find out the installed or downloaded ARDUINO software. As shown below:

<br>[[File:0085=09.png|500px|frameless|thumb]]<br>

There is a DRIVERS folder in Arduino software installed package（[[File:0085=10.png|500px|frameless|thumb]]）, open driver folder and you can see the driver of CP210X series chips.


We click “Browse”, then find out the driver folder, or you could enter “driver” to search in rectangular box, then click “next”, the driver will be installed successfully. (I place Arduino software folder on the desktop, you could follow my way)

<br>[[File:0085=11.png|500px|frameless|thumb]]<br>


Open device manager, we will find the yellow exclamation mark disappear. The driver of CP2102 is installed successfully.
<br>[[File:0085=12.png|500px|frameless|thumb]]<br>
<br>[[File:0085=13.png|500px|frameless|thumb]]<br>



=== Arduino IDE Setting ===

Click[[File:0486-12.png|200px|frameless|thumb]] icon，open Arduino IDE.

<br>[[File:0085=14.png|500px|frameless|thumb]]<br>

To avoid the errors when uploading the program to the board, you need to select the correct Arduino board that matches the board connected to your computer.
Then come back to the Arduino software, you should click Tools→Board, select the board. (as shown below)

<br>[[File:0498--1.png|500px|frameless|thumb]]<br>

Then select the correct COM port (you can see the corresponding COM port after the driver is successfully installed)

<br>[[File:04869png.png|500px|frameless|thumb]]<br>
<br>[[File:0498--3.png|500px|frameless|thumb]]<br>

Before uploading the program to the board, let’s demonstrate the function of each symbol in the Arduino IDE toolbar.
<br>[[Image:0085=17.png|500px|frameless]]<br>

A- Used to verify whether there is any compiling mistakes or not.
B- Used to upload the sketch to your Arduino board.
C- Used to create shortcut window of a new sketch.
D- Used to directly open an example sketch.
E- Used to save the sketch.
F- Used to send the serial data received from board to the serial monitor.

=== Start your first program ===

Open the file to select Example, choose BLINK from BASIC, as shown below:


<br>[[Image:048610png.png|500px|frameless]]<br>

<br>[[Image:048611png.png|500px|frameless]]<br>

Set board and COM port, the corresponding board and COM port are shown on the lower right of IDE.

<br>[[Image:048612png.png|500px|frameless]]<br>         

Click [[Image:0486-20.png|50px|frameless]] to start compiling the program, check errors.

<br>[[Image:048613png.png|500px|frameless]]<br>

Click  [[Image:0486-23.png|50px|frameless]]to upload the program, upload successfully.

<br>[[Image:048614png.png|500px|frameless]]<br>

Upload the program successfully, the onboard LED lights on for 1s, lights off for 1s. Congratulation, you finish the first program.


== Resources ==